While converting a bunch of werkzeug code to Python 3.1, I ran into an issue with one of the bytes objects that was previously a string.

The line of code in question was originally this:

if value and value[0] == value[-1] == b'"':
   ...

If value is something, and the first and last characters are a quote character, then…
However, as it turns out, the bytes object is actually a list of integers in the range of 0-255.
So when you use an indexing operation on a byte, you actually get an integer back.  For example:
>>> x = b'Hello World'
>>> x[0]
72

>>> x = 'Hello World'
>>> x[0]
'H'

Big difference, eh?
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